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08 July 2008

Answer to Question #1056 Submitted to "Ask the Experts"

Category: Radiation Basics — Beta Particles (negative and positive) and Electrons

The following question was answered by an expert in the appropriate field:

Can you tell me which of the following radionuclides are Auger emitters? ^109mAg, ²⁴¹Am, ¹⁹⁸Au, ⁷Be, ⁸³Br, ¹⁴⁴Ce¹⁴⁴Pr, ²⁴²Cm, ⁶⁰Co, ¹³⁷Cs, ⁶⁴Cu, ¹⁵⁵Eu, ⁵⁹Fe, ¹³⁰I, ¹³¹I, ¹³²I, ¹³³I, ¹³⁵I, ^115mIn, ^115mCd, ¹⁴¹La, ⁵⁴Mn, ⁹⁹Mo, ²⁴Na, ⁹⁵Nb, ^95mNb, ²³⁹Np, ^111mPd, ¹¹²Pd, ¹⁰⁶Rh, ¹²⁶Sb, ¹⁵³Sm, ⁹⁰Sr, ¹⁶¹Tb, ^99mTc, ^127mTe, ²³⁷U, ²⁴⁰U, ¹⁸¹W, ¹⁸⁵W, ⁹⁵Zr.

Auger electron emission is the result of atomic "relaxation" that can occur when an inner-shell electron vacancy is filled. It can happen in any atom that has an electron structure that supports the transition and is not peculiar to radionuclides. I believe that all elements, with the exception of hydrogen and helium, are capable of producing Auger electrons. An excellent online reference for radionuclide data can be found at the National Nuclear Data Center Web site. The Wallet Cards feature provides nuclide radiations with Auger emissions given as type [E AU].

Robert L. Coleman
Oak Ridge National Laboratory

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